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Real-Time 3D Crowd Management System at The Holy Sites of Mecca During Hajj and Umrah Rituals

Updated: Dec 22, 2024

Studying the Employment Drone Based Zenmuse L1 LiDAR from DJI on the Matrice 300 RTK to Lay the Groundwork for a Real-Time 3D Crowd Management System at The Holy Sites of Mecca During Hajj and Umrah Rituals.

Drones in mecca

Crowd management is a challenging task for public safety officials in many scenarios such as, evacuating densely populated areas in cases of emergency like wildfires and hurricanes or when it comes to organizing music festivals, sports events and managing large masses of pilgrims. Stampedes in such mentioned scenarios has claimed the lives of tens and even hundreds in one day. Public safety departments are readily utilizing and benefiting from the evolution of surveillance equipment and AI algorithms to maintain lives in such scenarios. License plate detection, mask detection and real-time tracking are examples of the solutions currently being practiced around the world. However, the visualization of the results is still dependent on analysis of single point 2D Videos, unable to fuse the data from different cameras, it lacks a complete cognition of the 3D world in Real-Time.


drones in mecca

In an attempt to manage and control crowds in areas that witness a seasonal surge of crowd density, a study conducted by Yu et al illustrated how Real-Time 3D Visualization with Visual IoT can autonomously monitor and manage dense crowds. The system could also run simulations for a better understanding and affirmative decision making. By design, the system inlays data from different fixed or airborne sensors like cameras, thermal cameras and gas sensors to an Algorithm which projects this dynamic data into a highly accurate, pre-defined 3D reconstruction of the site. Drone Mapping with a LiDAR such as DJI’s Zenmuse L1 sensor plays a unique and important role in reconstructing a digital twin of the site in study, taking details like ground level, buildings and trees into consideration. Drone mapping is used to produce a very accurate digital reconstruction of specific sites, creating either 2D maps or 3D models by flying over these sites in specific patterns to collect images from different locations and with different angles, these images can then be processed with specialized software to stitch them together and create one complete 2D map or 3D Model. DJI’s Matrice 300 RTK Aircraft is the perfect platform for such an acquisition with great maneuverability and high precision RTK geo-referencing and omni-directional sensing for safe flying.


In conclusion, it is required to scan parts of the Holy Sites in Mecca and reconstruct a 3D virtual twin with DJI’s Terra software laying the groundwork for the new Intelligent Visual-IoT-Enabled Real-Time 3D Visualization for Autonomous Crowd Management.




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